공간과 시간 사이에서: 이정민의 파워 포인트 메디테이션_토니길란

공간과 시간 사이에서: 이정민의 파워 포인트 메디테이션

새로운 기술과 ‘포스트 인터넷 아트’가 넘쳐나는 미술계에서 이정민의 독특하면서도 몽환적인 영상 작업의 시작은 MS 파워포인트를 활용한 디지털 기술이 우리 삶의 모든 영역에 스며들기 이전으로 거슬러 올라간다. 파워포인트가 미국에서 최초의 상용 인터넷 서비스 제공업체가 문을 열기 2년 전인 1987년에 출시되었다는 점을 감안할 때 이정민의 작업은 “인터넷 이전 예술”로 이해될 수 있다. 그녀가 선택한 매체의 복고풍 느낌은 스크린이 보편화되기 직전의 시대의 감성을 가지고 있다. “현실” 세계의 모든 것을 픽셀로 덮으면서 액체 데이터처럼흘러나온 인터넷 시대의 글리치한 알고리즘에 기반한 “새로운 미학” 이전을 먼저 이해해야 한다.

작업 도구가 실제 물리적인 작업 도구였을 때, 그리고 그것이 생활 도구가 되기 전, 다음 주 회의를 위한 슬라이드를 준비하지 않아도 되었을 때, 모바일 기기가 없어 지금 여기에 온전히 집중할 수 있는 시간을 가질 수 있었던 시대 감성 같은 것들이 좋은 예이다.

이정민 작가는 물론이고 필자 역시 1980년대를 기억하지 못하지만, 우리는 모든 밀레니얼 세대와 마찬가지로 본격적인 ‘디지털 문화’가 도래하기 전과 직후, 그리고 시각적으로 세상을 어떻게, 어떤 규모로, 얼마나 빠른 속도로 소비하는지에 대한 극적인 변화를 목격하며 성장했다.

지난  줌 인터뷰에서 작가 이정민은 2010년대 서울에서 혼자 학생으로 사는 동안  종종 컴퓨터에서 떨어져 방에 있는 물건들을 응시하는자신을 발견했다고 말한 바 있다. 그녀는 외부 도시로부터 자신을 지켜주는 피난처인 자신의 방에서 창 밖을 바라보다 창문 자체에 집중하였고, 그랬더니 시간이 느려지고, 시간이 움직이는 것처럼 보였다고 한다. 추후 이 같은 경험은 특수 상대성 이론에 대한 관심으로 이어지며, 작가의 작품을 이해하는 핵심 개념으로 발전한다.

아인슈타인의 이론은 시간은 독립적이며, 흐르는 실체가 아니라 과거, 현재, 미래가 모두 동시에 존재하는 정적인 4차원 “블록”이라고 가정한다. 당시 아인슈타인과 동시대를 살았던 몬드리안과 말레비치 등 많은 예술가들이 이러한 아이디어의 영향을 받았다. 그들 역시 이정민 작가와 비슷한 방식으로 색상과 추상, 기하학을 사용하여 공간에 시간성을 생성하고 3차원공간을 해체해2차원 공간으로 재구성했다.필자는 이정민의 창문을 통해 몬드리안을 바라보는 상상을 해보았다: 그리고 그 곳에서 시간에 녹아 든 고요함을 만난다. 그러나 이정민의애니메이션을 볼 때 가장 인상 깊었던 것은 앙리 베르그송의 시간 개념과의 유사성이다. 다만 이정민의 시간 개념이 조금 덜 과학적이고,좀더 시적인 특징을 가지고 있다.

아인슈타인의 이론에 반대해온 베르그송은 시간이 동질적이거나 선형적인 실체가 아니라 연속적이고 불가분의 흐름이라는 대안 이론을제시하였다. 시계에 의해 측정되고 – 공간적으로 – 불연속적인 순간으로 분할되는 전통적인 시간 개념과 달리, 베르그송은 실시간이란 과거, 현재, 미래가 밀접하게 연결되어 있는 중단되지 않는 질적 흐름인 지속 기간으로 경험된다고 주장했다. 아인슈타인의 이론과 마찬가지로 베르그송의 시간 개념은 그의 동시대 예술가들, 특히 피카소와 브라크의 큐비즘뿐만 아니라 형식의 리드미컬한 상호 작용과 모양과 색상의 해석에 있어 주관적 인식을 우선시한 앙리 마티스에게도 영감을 주었다. 베르그송은 앞서 언급한 주관적 인식을 직관이라고 정의하였다. 애니메이션 작품 <office>,  <studio>에서 이정민 작가는 친밀한 실내 공간을 배경으로 천천히 화면에 나타나는 오브제, 특히  소용돌이치는 물고기 그릇 등을 떠올리며 마티스의 유명한 실내풍경을 회상한다. 그리고 천천히 움직이다 멈춰서는 등 관객과 함께 새로운 차원의 시간 개념을 만들어 낸다. 또한 필자는 그녀의 학생시절 방을 베르그송의 시간개념과 유사한 지점을 가지고 있는 버지니아 울프의 시간개념에 비유하고 싶다. 의식의 흐름을  “벽 위의 표식”이 변형된 것으로 이야기한 것으로 유명했던 버지니아 울프와 이정민의 시간, 기억,그리고 지속시간에 대한 관점 역시 서로 교차하고 있다. 이 같은 친밀한 공간에서 시간은 관객의 내면에서 개별적으로 흐르는 속성을 가지게 된다.

1922년 프랑스 철학협회의 주최로 만난 아인슈타인과 베르그송의 미팅에서 아인슈타인은 “철학자의 시간 같은 것은 없다”라는 유명한 말을 남긴 바 있다. 비록 그 말이 과학이고, 사실이라 할지라도, 이정민의 이미지는 관객들이 자신과 함께 시간을 경험할 수 있도록 그 과정에초대하고 있다.

-토니 길란, 아트 엔젤

토니 길란(Tony Guillan)

2022 Artangel컨설턴트/크리에이티브 프로듀서 (디지털 콘텐츠 & 전략)
2017-2018 Imperial War Museum, 시니어 프로듀서
2013-2017 Tate Modern, 프로듀서 (IK Prize, 디지털 혁신 부문)

Between space and time: the PowerPoint meditations of Lee Jungmin

In an art world awash with new technologies and talk of “post-internet art,” Lee Jungmin’s peculiar yet hypnotic video works, made using MS PowerPoint, hark back to a period before digital technology permeated every area of our lives. When you note that PowerPoint was launched in 1987 – two years before the first commercial internet service provider opened in the United States – Lee’s work could be understood as contemporary “pre-internet art.” The retro feel of her chosen medium speaks to a time just before the total ubiquity of screens, before the glitchy, twitchy, algorithmic “new aesthetic” of the internet-age spilled-out like liquid data, covering everything in the “real” world with pixels. When work tools were work tools, before they became life tools, and when not preparing slides for next week’s meeting, the absence of mobile devices left time to pay attention to a less frenetic here and now.

Neither Lee nor I remember the 1980s, but like all millennials, we grew up somewhere between the period before and just after the arrival of full-blown “digital culture” and the dramatic changes to how, at what volumes, and at what speeds we visually consume the world. In a conversation, perhaps fittingly, on Zoom, she told me that as a student in the 2010s living alone in Seoul, she often found herself drifting away from her computer to stare at the objects in her room. She recounted staring out of the window – in this haven from the city outside – and feeling her attention drawn to the window itself, which, as time seemed to slow down, seemed to move; an experience that later inspired her interest in special relativity – a key conceptual driver behind her work.

Einsten’s theory postulates that time is not an independent, flowing entity but a static, four-dimensional “block” where the past, present, and future exist simultaneously. Many artists have been influenced by these ideas, including contemporaries of Einstein such as Mondrian and Malevich, who, similarly to Lee, used color and abstract geometry to create a sense of temporality in space, collapsing three dimensions into two. I see Mondrian in Lee’s windows: they infuse stillness with time. But what strikes me most when viewing Lee’s animations is their affinity, in terms of effect, to Henri Bergson’s – perhaps more poetic but less scientifically robust – description of time.

Bergson, an intellectual antagonist of Einstein’s, posited an alternative theory: that time is not a homogeneous, linear entity but a continuous, indivisible flow. Compared to traditional concepts of time as measured by clocks and spatially divided into discrete moments, Bergson argued that real-time is experienced as duration, an unbroken and qualitative flow where past, present, and future are intimately interconnected. Like Einstein’s theory, Bergson’s ideas also inspired a number of his artist contemporaries, notably the Cubism of Picasso and Braque, but also Henri Matisse, whose rhythmic interplay of forms and subjective use of shape and color prioritized the subjectivity perception: what Bergson referred to as intuition. In animations like “Office” and “Studio,” with their slowly-emerging objects set in intimate domestic spaces, Lee recalls Matisse’s celebrated interiors with their slowed-to-motionless bowls of swirling fish, which move in time with the viewer. I’m also tempted to liken Lee, in her student room, to the Bergsonian Virginia Woolf, who famously recounted, in a stream of consciousness, the transformations of a “mark on the wall.” In these intimate spaces, durational time flows inside the observer.

At a meeting between Einstein and Bergson hosted by the Société française de philosophie in 1922, Einstein famously quipped there’s “no such thing as a philosopher’s time.” That may be so, but Lee invites the viewer to experience time with her in her image-making.

-Tony Guillan, ArtAngel